One oddity of American speech I've noticed in reading, with slight reference to your first item, is that Americans often seem to reply to a question such as 'Have you got my number?' with 'Yes, I do!' which sounds very odd to English ears. 'Yes, I have!' would be more likely over here; 'Yes, I do!' would be the reply to 'Do you have my number?'. (In other words, the verbs in question and answer would agree.)